What if we explored technology transfer through the minds of famous historical people who greatly impacted the world? People whose ideas still resonate globally like Karl Marx, Marie Curie, Martin Luther King, Hypatia of Alexandria, or Margaret Thatcher.
Unfortunately, these people did not specifically engage with the modern concept of technology transfer but we can project their unique world vision, ideas, principles, and values.
These reflections highlight some of the opportunities and risks of technology transfer on people and the planet. It also emphasizes the influence of one’s worldview and the political or social aspects of technology transfer.
Karl Marx (1818-1883)
Karl believed that society should strive for a classless system where people own and control the means of production. He argued that the constant search for more efficient means of production was a defining feature of capitalism. However, he saw technology as a force for liberation having the potential to eliminate arduous and dangerous labour. In particular, he would defend a rational and planned use of technology to meet population needs.
Karl would see research commercialization, through the lens of capitalist exploitation. That is, a form of alienation that separates workers from the fruits of their labour. He might also argue that the pursuit of profit in the capitalist society often precedes society’s well-being. In particular, he would claim that a few privileged hoarded and controlled scientific discoveries, rather than sharing them as a collective good.
Marie Curie (1867 – 1934)
Marie defended the importance of open and collaborative scientific research, actively sharing discoveries with others. In particular, she strongly advocated for the public use of science, championing the practical use of research results. Moreover, she also believed in the importance of education and the role of women in science.
Marie would likely emphasize the importance of sharing scientific knowledge and technology for the benefit of society. She would support technology transfer that made technological innovations widely available to people and helped solve pressing issues. Marie might also caution against the potential misuse or exploitation of scientific knowledge and technology. On the other hand, she may have had concerns that private interests in monetizing research findings could compromise the principles of objectivity, integrity and rigour that she upheld.
Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013)
Margaret believed in individualism, capitalism, and a limited government that enabled its citizens to achieve their full potential. She also valued hard work, meritocracy and personal responsibility as essential principles for a thriving society. She strongly defended national sovereignty and recognized the importance of research and innovation as drivers of progress.
Margaret would have supported technology transfer to drive innovation and economic growth. In her view, scientific advancements should not be confined to academic circles but reach the private industry. She would also claim that private companies and entrepreneurs, instead of the government, are better positioned to identify new market opportunities and meet consumer demand. Therefore, she would advocate for minimal government interference or regulation.
Hypatia of Alexandria (370 – 415)
Hypatia believed that knowledge and education are essential for personal growth and the betterment of society. In particular, the power of reason, critical thinking, and scientific inquiry help us understand the world around us. She believed in the importance of diversity and inclusion to create a more just and equitable society.
Hypatia would argue that technology transfer must be guided by ethical and moral principles. The transfer of new scientific knowledge to the market should be accompanied by critical reflection and public engagement that explores the associated ethical and social implications. She could argue that citizens should have a say in the development and utilization of new technologies. This may require new forms of decision-making or public participation, but also citizen education and public awareness.
Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)
Abraham strongly supported innovation and progress, believing technological advancements were essential for economic growth and societal development. In particular, through the support of government investment. He was committed to preserving national integrity and sovereignty by protecting industries and intellectual property. Abraham also advocated for equality and civil rights.
Abraham might have been cautious about technology transfer involving the international transfer of intellectual property that undermined national industries or people’s jobs. However, he would have supported technology transfer that promoted economic growth if that protected national interests and sovereignty. For example, he may have endorsed research and innovations that contributed to developing infrastructure and national security.
Martin Luther King (1929 – 1968)
Martin envisioned a world where equality, justice, and freedom are pillars of society. A world where everyone has the right to be treated with respect and dignity, regardless of race, gender, or social status. He promoted an equitable society where everyone can access education, healthcare, and basic needs. He also fostered unity through diverse coalitions and promoted global justice, opposing colonialism and apartheid.
Martin may have given technology transfer a strong sense of social responsibility. He would argue that it should not focus on profits but on improving people’s lives and addressing societal challenges. He would have advocated for new technologies to create a more equitable and just society, particularly expanding educational access. According to him, a humanistic approach should drive the process, placing the well-being of people and the planet at the forefront of decision-making.
Murray Rothbard (1926-1995)
Murray believed in the power of the free market and individual liberty and strongly opposed any form of government intervention. According to him, the government should only have a minimal role focusing solely on protecting individual rights. Rothbard also valued the importance of private property as a source of innovation, progress, and prosperity. His ideology was grounded in natural rights, particularly the right to self-ownership and for individuals to control their bodies and the fruits of their labour.
Murray would argue that technology transfer should be voluntary and through the private sector. That is, without any government subsidies, regulations, or intervention. He would consider government-granted patents a violation of property rights restricting competition and hindering innovation. Without those monopolies, companies would be more incentivized to innovate and develop new technologies.
Rosa Luxemburg (1871 – 1919)
Rosa believed that the exploitation of the working class by the ruling class was the root cause of all social and economic problems. She believed in the power of the working class to overthrow capitalist systems and establish a Marxist society based on equality and justice. Rosa committed to the principles of internationalism and solidarity. She also advocated for women’s rights, within the broader struggle for social justice.
Rosa would be sceptical that technological innovation and business development are the best ways to transfer scientific knowledge to the market. She would argue that scientific knowledge should be accessible to everyone and should not be used for the profits of a few corporations. She may have argued that scientific research has to be publicly funded and any profits generated from the commercialization should be reinvested or used to fund social programs that benefit the community.
Steve Jobs (1955-2011)
Steve believed in the power of innovation and technology to change the world. He defended that technology can be a force for good if designed with the user in mind, focusing on simplicity and elegance. In his worldview, creativity and design are essential components of innovation, and they can make technology more accessible, intuitive, and enjoyable for everyone.
Steve would have argued that the transfer of new scientific knowledge should focus on user-centred design and simplicity. Technology should be easy to use, intuitive, and enjoyable, and should empower people to do more with less. This process requires a willingness to challenge traditional assumptions about what technology can do. He would promote concentrating resources and talent into a few initiatives with high impact potential. He would argue innovation requires continuous iterations.